Compliance
ETO 2002 compliance
Last updated: August 2026
Electronic signatures are legally recognised in Pakistan under the Electronic Transactions Ordinance 2002 (ETO 2002). This page explains, in plain language, how that works and how Dastkhat is built around it.
What the ETO 2002 says
The Electronic Transactions Ordinance 2002 gives electronic documents and electronic signatures the same legal standing as their paper equivalents. In short, a document is not invalid simply because it is electronic, and a signature is not invalid simply because it was made electronically — provided it reliably identifies the signer and shows their approval of the document's contents.
How Dastkhat meets it
Every document signed through Dastkhat is designed to satisfy the two things the law cares about — knowing who signed, and knowing the document has not changed since:
- Attribution — we verify each signer's email and record their identity, so a signature can be tied back to a specific person.
- Integrity — once signed, the document is sealed so that any later change is detectable. The signed file is tamper-evident.
- Audit trail — each document carries a record of who did what and when (viewed, signed, completed), with timestamps and IP addresses, so the signing process can be evidenced later.
- Consent — signers are shown the document and agree to sign electronically before any signature is captured.
When a handwritten signature is still needed
The ETO 2002 excludes some categories of document from electronic signing. These generally must still be executed on paper or in the specific manner the law requires. They typically include:
- negotiable instruments, such as cheques and promissory notes;
- wills and other testamentary documents;
- trusts and powers of attorney, and documents relating to the sale or transfer of immovable property, where separate law requires a particular form;
- any document that another law specifically requires to be attested, notarised, or registered.
This list is a guide, not legal advice. If you are unsure whether a particular document can be signed electronically, please take independent advice before relying on it.
Verifying a signed document
Anyone who receives a Dastkhat-signed document can confirm it is genuine and unaltered using our free validator — no account needed. Upload the file or scan its verification code to check the signatures and audit trail.
Questions
For questions about compliance, email support@dastkhat.pk or visit our contact page.